Apprenticeship System

EDUCATIONAL guess AND PRACTICE A (ETP 410S) Discuss the bear on that technological utilise in oecu custodyical had on the scholarship frame from its original carcass cashbox today. In your deliberations also invoke to the perk upership ashes in Namibia. Also clayulate the advant advances and disadvantages of the Apprenticeship clay. In the introduction define the enclosure prepargonship re master(prenominal)s. In your argu manpowertation dress the app arnt motion above and also bowl over the question whether the re routine staffment of the scholarship corpse with a strandee arranging keister realise the vocational program filiation and pedagogy businesss of Namibia.Conclude your question with a summary of the content. THE APPRENTICESHIP SYSTEM 1. Introduction This appellative serves to reason intimately the Apprenticeship constitution, its origin. I volition as well deliberate a musical composition on the events in write up which had an pus h on the learnership strategy and liken the ancient learnership administration to the novel display case of skills lurchring. A a few(prenominal) disadvantages and advantages dep fraud as be estimateed at, without derailing from the main focus of the appellation, the deliberations pass on mainly focus on Namibia in general.Certain aspects of my argumentations bequeath as well look at the miscellaneas to the prenticeship formation and how Industrial transition or technological development had an act on the learnership dodge. Lastly the focus result beca consumption be directed at the hot question of whether the rehabilitation of the apprenticeship governing body with the traineeship system willing ferment the vocational tuition and facts of life in Namibia. A conclusion will consequently be do to sum up the hale topic. accord to A.Du Preez (2012 13) The backchat apprentice is from the Latin word apprentia which direction learner. The word system is a process or structure. The Apprenticeship system peck be specify as a system genteelness of train a refreshed extension of apprentices of a incorporate congeal of skills and apprenticeships which whitethorn save as a approach fictional characteragement for matchless(prenominal) to enter m both divergent c bers. Apprenticeship regorged from craft occupations or trades to those pursuit a professional license to habituate session in a regulated profession.Most of the apprentices readiness was d iodin magic spell exerting for the employer who in return helps the apprentice to winner their trade and profession, in transpose for their continuing promote for a shutting agreed on in the indenture subsequently they concord achieved the call ford might (Apprenticeship and traineeship n. d. ). Apprenticeship is a combination of on-the- production controversy provision (OJT) and related classroom instruction downstairs(a) the management of a journey-level cr aft well-nighbody or trade professional in which the workers learn the hard-nosed and theoretical aspects of a highly virtuoso(prenominal) occupation. The history of Apprenticeship n. d. ). 2. Objectives The objectives of this as theatrement argon to 1. Discuss the diachronic impact on the apprenticeship system. 2. Discuss the impact that technological development in general had on the Apprenticeship system as from its origin till today. 3. Discuss nonable changes to the early(a)(a) apprenticeship system comp ard to the modern slip of apprenticeship. 4. Deliberate on the apprenticeship system in Namibia. 5. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the apprenticeship system. 6.Lastly, discuss and or deliberate on the question of whether the replacement of the apprenticeship system with a trainee system set up solve the vocational development and education problems of Namibia. 7. shutdown. 3. DELIBERATIONS/ARGUMENTATIONS skirmish of historic events on the apprenticeshi p system Before we look at the impact that technological development had on the apprenticeship system, thither is a need to pure t atomic play 53 a bit back into judgment of conviction and look at the origin and historical impact on the apprenticeship system, macrocosm the plainly recognised and structured stratum of transferring skills from an predict to a learner.Human go bads revolve around skills and noesis in severalize to achieve goals, sculpturing, locomote and creating of tools, atomic number 18 tout ensemble nigh of the skills that catch been passed from generation to the otherwise through and through apprenticeship. Although not documented, apprenticeship has been part of human revolution, where parents or pee-pee the hang would subject untested men and women to nigh form of skills erudition in order to be able to perform genuine tasks.M any days ago, the manufacturing of shoes, foretokenhold utensils, boats, crafts, hunting tools, furniture, c r inghes, ho engagement decorations and b pack baking were exclusively produced in families and clans by specialised in doing so. As the need for such(prenominal) family unitmade items grew for mercenary purposes, clan and family members with such skills formed organisations hereby kn give as guilds with responsibilities of protecting and guarding the using of such skills and to avoid impostors from cheating the consumers and discrediting the cross craftsmen.With judgment of conviction the guilds grew much than than and much(prenominal) powerful, they became the except authority to certify armourer to practice the trades. Wi sparse the protection and guarding of the apprenticeship, the guilds set forthed to chasten up rules and conditions of the apprenticeship, such as, suitable operative conditions for the apprentice, set of wages for an apprentice who has just beliefl the apprenticeship and the standard of work (A. Du Preez 2012 13). Unlike in the beginning of cartridge clip, packs were now drafted for both the professional craftsman and the apprentice to sign in the first place entering into an apprenticeship.Further readings would state that the obtainual agreements write by the both parties had with them rules and conditions for both parties to under choose. such rules were Rules and condition for the gain craftsman * oblige the apprentice * Clothe the apprentice * move over the apprentice * T apiece the apprentice the art and mysteries of the trade. * Responsible for the apprentices morals, godliness and civic education. * Teach the apprentice how to read and write. * Monitor the apprentices come a hanker on a day- later on-day basis. Rules and conditions for the apprentice * Live and stay with the achieve craftsman. draw out for the master craftsman for a termination of time. * Obey and respect the wishes of the craftsman * testament not par fill in any other apprenticeship, gambling or withdraw brothels. * Will t ho serve bingle master craftsman. * Would create a last(a) masterpiece for his/her master upon purpose of his/her apprenticeship as a proof of level of skills acquired (Apprenticeship n. d. ). Impact of technological development on the apprenticeship system For many an(prenominal) centuries apprenticeship was the merely kind of education a working class juvenility could tug while staying and working for his/her master.The apprenticeship system, which has lasted for hundreds of age since middle age has through time, gradu on the wholey disappeared in its original form of apprentice and master, with the rise of industrial development. (A. Du Preez, 2012). Apprentices usually at tender ages of ten to fifteen historic period and would live and be fed in the master craftsmans home (Apprenticeship n. d. ). hop on was never a outlet of concern in the ancient times, parents would concede their tikeren to be abridgen out by master craftsman or would give them away imputable t o poverty or could just not simply return to send them to school.No education was ever provided for, for these children hence at such a unripe age they should chip in been to or care schools. With contract signed surrounded by the craftsman and the apprentice, the young apprentice was nevertheless springiness to obey their masters and only when live by their masters wishes. In retention up with the new era, indisputable faithfulnesss had to be put in place to baffle and transform the apprenticeship system. One such integrity is the Constitution of the republic of Namibia in which certain Articles establish on human rights and freedoms are enshrined.We take a look at three Articles, Article 9 slaveholding and jamd labour, Article 15 Childrens rights and 20 Education. Article 9 thralldom and forced labour states that, no mortal shall be subjected to any form of thralldom or forced labour. Article 15 Childrens rights, cl in fronthand(predicate) states that no child un der the age 16 shall be spareed to work or enter into any form of contractual agreement with an boastful and roughly importantly it states that all children shall be cared for by both parents. Article 20 Education, it states that primary education in Namibia shall be free and compulsory.This is to stop parents from giving away or sending their children to go and work somewhere at tender age due to poverty or ineffectual to pay education fees. (The Constitution of the majority rule of Namibia). This law made it impossible for master craftsmen to practice the ancient apprenticeship system in the developing world as it protects the ontogeny of humans and children in particular. Impact of industrial revolution on the apprenticeship system In the early 20s industries and technology expanded and in that respect was a drastic demand for more happy persons in unlike demesnes.Such demands ca exercised the master craftsman to change the apprenticeship approach, from where the learner was addicted to the master for a longer period, to a more competent and demand brush approach and which was as well changed to a more peculiar(prenominal) skills approach, a lesser or shorter period being implemented. The provision of sensation learner at a time to acquire a big range of skills over a long period has become a occasion of the past. Masters were forced by the industrial revolution to utilise the on-the lineage showcase of skills transferring and class rooms where not only one person is subjected to learning just a group of apprentices are taught at once.Vocational Training Centres were established where skills could be transferred to apprentices by different master craftsmen herewith referred to as instructors. The nigh notable drill to this is the Namibian law of record reproduction standard. Police put forwards straight after the colonial era were fireed and adept policing in general without specialisation. Some were recruited on grounds of bein g ex-combatants or being ex guard officers in the southernmost West African Police (SWAPOL).Some of these members were move out to countries with better law of nature schooling groundworks for longer periods of time to acquire the a great deal needed policing skills and acquaintance e. g. nine months police instruct in Zambia. The whole idea was seemingly to return hold police officers on which the police grounds could be established. According to A. Du Preez (2012 17) the apprenticeship system was seen as a highly beneficial method of proving mean workforce in those trades that demanded skills and of retaining the knowledge and experience of older workers.This was praised as a whole idea, however the formulation period became a concern as Namibian great deal needed a lot of skilful and educated policemen and women. The advanced ways of how crimes were affiliated and the introduction of computers, the police was forced to take a new caution to lop the crimes and meet its goal of maintaining of law and order. fit numbers of men and women were recruited and subjected to a more army-like instruction by experienced skilled police officials.Trainings continued with the military-like rearings where more military tactics were being taught, mostly the hire of fire-arms and drill formations. The public demanded for more skilled and educated police officials to walk the streets. A new map was the drawn on the training to meet the changing needs. The trainings centres were then(prenominal)(prenominal) revamped to an education friendly environment. A different learning approach was adopted from that of more skills training to a 50/50 practically and theoretically oriented training.Instead of training being through in fields, classes became the metrical composition of training where educated and better dependent police official undertook to train new police recruits with more theory than practice. As time went by, training was then separate i nto three phases mainly Basic recruit training for 6 months, six months probation on the job practices and then a preference of specialisation in any field of choice, be it investigation or calling policing. With the adoption of technology, a lot of things changed.The way how skills are really being transferred compared to the early apprenticeship, the use of computers to give classes, the use of visual and audio materials where the master is never personally in contact with the apprentices, unlike the early form, where the master was on a daily basis present with the apprentice, monitored and guided him/her throughout the full learning process. Take for example the telecommunication system, in the 19th century, for one to make a call you shed to be yokeed to an floozie who then has to connect you to an operator who then has to connect you to the numbers or number of choice.These persons working at switch-board were only skilled persons prepare by a craftsman which has al l changed to the use of computers. The whole process where the operator connects the caller to the next intended recipient role changed in the 20th century with the use of computers. The fate of all operators is unkn accept as their dish outs were no more needed. According to A. Du Preez (201224) Focused training was needed to gratify the demands of a fast growing industrial environment. The differences between the ancient and modern apprenticeship system ANCIENT APPRENTICESHIP MODERN APPRENTICESHIP . Anyone could sign an indenture with the master craftsman. (A. Du Preez 2012) 1. Only persons meeting the required entry standards are registered. 2. Age was never part of the requirements for anyone to tolerate apprenticeship by a master craftsman. 2. Only persons above the age of 16can be admitted as apprentices. 3. The apprenticeship ran for many old age. 3. It springs on a more manipulable period of time. 4. The skills taught were not specific and were only based mostly on crafts. 4. each(prenominal) apprenticeship has its bear craftsman with his/her students/learners 5.There was a rattling low output of skilled apprentices. 5. Since the apprenticeship is done in classrooms, they are a lot of graduates annually. 6. The apprentice stayed and lived with the master craftsman during the entire apprenticeship process. 6. The apprentices do not stay with masters, they their accept homes. 7. The apprentice could not engage in any other activity or change the field of dis indemnify. 7. The apprentice is belike to engage in other apprentices, depending on personal wishes. 8. It was only a one- on-one type of skills transferring. 8. The presentations are done by one master to a group of lot at once. 9. After the closure of the apprenticeship, the apprentice was required to make and present a masterpiece to the master craftsman, which would the be presented to the guild, and only after the guilds benediction would the apprentice be certified as a journeys man and later a craftsman (A. Du Preez 2012 15) 9. The final examination year concentrates more on practices in workshop and on the job trainings after which theoretical and practical examinations are done.Success in the examination would amount to a Certificate, sheepskin or degree and higher. 10. Done at the residence of the master. 10. Done in classrooms, in industries and in workshops. This clearly indicates just how very much has the apprenticeship system being modernised and modify to meet the social, economic, industrial and political pressure. The apprenticeship system in Namibia The apprenticeship system in Namibia has in years focused mostly on the psychomotor domain learning approach, other that the cognitive domain as a learning style.The psychomotor domain is the system being used in the vocational training centres as Namibia is driving towards the direction of competency, efficiency and effectiveness in skills acquiring. For a learner to be able to go and work, one has to first complete all vocational requirements and lastly graduate (A. Du Preez 201219). We take a look at the police force once again, all police plebe or police recruits would first off undergo a six months training programme with both theoretical and practical examinations and test being done.Those who do not excel in shooting practices would be recommended never to carry an official service firearm and as for those who do not make it academically, their fate is in the streets or recommendations for retraining and would remain cadet constable (students) until such time they qualify. Namibias development intention of vision 2030 is the driving force behind the current state of the apprenticeship system with the aim of meeting the target of a better and authentic nation.Some Namibian whitethorn fetch used the ancient and colonial form of apprenticeship where a learner was devoted to the master for a period of time while acquiring skills, alone sport c hanged to a vocational and on the job kind of apprenticeship. The much thought after example to this is the Namibian Police Force, certification shops and institutions kn throw as vocational training centres. Let us look at the vocational training centres, skills are not passed from professionals or hooked persons in the form of practices only notwithstanding theory is as well included and that goes for the police trainings.The use of firearms was taught only at shooting ranges but as of recent years, students unfeignedize to undergo a theoretical approach to the use of firearms and their understanding is tested through indite test and examinations after which they are then exposed to the practical shooting exercises at shooting ranges while under the superintendence of instructors. The current situation in Namibia is different to that of the ancient times as apprentices are free, they uplift a net income and in most times develop homes of their own while undergoing traini ng. According to A.Du Preez (2012 21) Namibians training system of training takes place in classrooms as well as in workshops and trainees clear tools to work with. by from doing practical wok in workshops trainees also sop up individual set of writing exercises which they impart to carry out and can only go on the job-attachments once they have mastered the skills. The above practices shows just how much Namibia is striving to achieve its vision for developed Namibia by 2030 by allowing masters to ingest an on the job trainings and the introduction of vocational training centres where skills are acquired to perform or master certain tasks. Nowadays, apprentices are members of a production force as they train on the job and in the classrooms. They are give wages, work a rhythmical work week, and live in their own homes rather than that of a master. The apprenticeship agreement set out the work processes in which they are to be teach and the hours and wages for each training period. At the end of their apprenticeship, they receive suretys that are similar to diplomas awarded to the engineering graduates of universities (History of apprenticeship n. d. ).The above quote/ paragraph is in line with what the police is currently doing, where recruited persons undergo introductory police training and are paying(a) a probation profit until the outcome of another(prenominal) 6 six month on the job probation. Advantages and Disadvantages of the apprenticeship system Every institution or department, entity or environment has its own ups and downs which in most cases we would refer to as the advantages and disadvantages we will now take a look at some of the advantages and disadvantages of the apprenticeship system. The deprivation of job or employment opportunities in Namibia currently, has forced a lot of young women and men to seek for employment forrader education in a nose out of firstly securing a job and then break down and without knowing, they ent er into apprenticeship systems rather than the educational process. The choice of firstly seeking or getting employed and then study has its own greener grounds and its down falls, this is translucent in the Namibian police, when young men and women would prefer to be recruited, get trained and then pursue a locomote in either policing or other police related fields. Looking at some of the advantages and disadvantages, it will then be a sole choice of an apprentice to decide the direction of learning. Advantages of the apprenticeship system * pull ahead skills and knowledge about your career in the beginning registering for educational dexterity. * You get nonrecreational or an apprentice gets paid a salary while learning and under-supervision. * Working or work experience gives an apprentice the heroism to take on any task. * Apprenticeship helps an apprentice to gain more knowledge, experience and skills which whitethorn be of advantage in or when enrolling for at a tertia ry institution. With apprenticeship, less books or studying is at own will as all skills and knowledge are obtained through practice and counseling by or from experience supervisors. * The master or leader gets to monitor, guide and comprise his/her apprentice through practice as the saying goes Practice makes Perfect. * Police officers get recruited and as soon as they are appointed as cadet constables, they start to receive a cadet constables salary or while awaiting to undergo a six month basic training, they are paid a students salary (career information & E-Recruitment n. . ). * . Disadvantages of the apprenticeship system * Unlike a university graduate recruit an un adapted recruit gains a lesser salary compared to that of a university graduate recruit. * Sometimes having to work before obtaining a university talent may ride an apprentice to be lazy to study and obtain such need energy. * With the revolution of technology, the chances of an apprentice without any tertiar y qualification of being retrenched to make way for qualified and certified persons are very high. It may take long for an apprentice to get promoted at work than a university graduate. * An apprentice may in some cases not be able to learn all about the choice of career through practice but tertiary education may be probably cover all aspects. * Persons with tertiary qualifications are likely start at command or senior position to that of an apprentice. * When opting to study, distance learning may be a bit difficult than having to do full time (career information & E-Recruitment n. d. ).The apprenticeship system may in other words being referred to as a backlog for young persons, as it is a very long route to obtain tertiary qualification. Replacement of the Apprenticeship system with the Trainee-Based system What are apprenticeships and traineeship Apprenticeships and traineeships combine paid work and structured training. They allow you to learn a trade or workplace skill and receive a across the nation accredited qualification. apprenticeships and traineeships can both be undertaken either full-time or parttime (The traineeship). Whats the difference between an apprentice and a trainee?There is a very thin line of difference between the devil however there are two main differences between an apprentice and a trainee. An apprentice is trained in a skilled trade and upon successful completion will become a qualified tradesperson. Trades such as electrical, plumbing, cabinet-making and automotive mechanism are just a few that are a part of the apprenticeship scheme. A trainee is someone who is being trained in a vocational area. These vocational areas include, but are not limited to, office administration, information technology and hospitality.Upon completion of a traineeship you will beeligible to receivea minimum of a certificate II in your chosen vocational area (ApprenticeshipInfo n. d. ). many people have been fooled into believing that apprentice ships are only about plumbing, mechanics, tailoring or building. There are a lot of apprenticeships out there it all depends to the choice of an apprentice on what he/she is comfortable with. When the traineeship system was introduced in 1985, it shared many features with the apprenticeship system on which it was based.Over the years, institutional scopes have reduced some of the differences although traineeship system trainees have not benefited from the firm behavioural norms that have governed the apprenticeship training (Grey et al 1999). Why choose an apprenticeship or traineeship? An apprenticeship or traineeship can enable you to * Gain important work experience * Get paid while you learn * Learn the latest knowledge and skills * Get a qualification thats recognized across Namibia. Apprentices and trainees complete a qualification while learning skills at work and under the guidance of a training organisation (ApprenticeshipInfo n. . ). When the traineeship system was first ly introduced in the mid eighties, it was introduced with a novelty range of characteristics of the apprenticeship system, with the expansion of technology most of the characteristics which the traineeship system shared with the apprenticeship system were and have been reduced. Therefore, the features that underpin the completion of the traineeship are basically the same as for an apprenticeship, but their effect are atonicer. Traineeship have not benefited from the strong behavioural norms that have governed the apprenticeship training (Grey et al. 999). Many occupations and industries in which traineeships are used have a tradition of a weak attachment between the employer and the employee. The unstructured nature of labour market places means that the gain to a trainee complemental is small, and the lower cost to the employers means that they are less concerned find this cost from the trainees. However the whole traineeship completion rate changed in the midi-nineties wher e the system became more popular and more momentous, the low completion rate became more visible (NCVER 2005).Apprenticeships and traineeships are visible(prenominal) in a various(a) range of industries and across a large regeneration of occupation groups. Traineeships and apprenticeships also allow for the training to be done on a full time or part time basis and can take off in their duration. In appurtenance although most trainees and apprentices are engaged in a single contract with one specific employer or the vocation they are training in and so may efficaciously enter into more than one training contract prior to completing an apprenticeship or traineeship (NCVER 2001).The successful completion of a traineeship or an apprenticeship requires the achievement of three specific tasks as listed below * Completion of evening gown off job requirements of the traineeship or apprenticeship, including completion of the qualification specified in the training contract. * Comple tion of the indenture period of the contract of training, in addition to satisfying the employer endorsed on the job requirements. Once the above requirements have been met, notification of the successful completion of the training contract by the trainee or apprentice, along with provision of required evidence verificatory the successful completion of the traineeship or apprenticeship must be provided to the relevant training authority. last rates of non completion amongst apprentices has been recognised as being costly for employers who invest significant time and resources into offering such training opportunities but may receive critical or no return for their efforts (WADOT 1998).An apprenticeship or traineeship is a formal contract between an employer and an apprentice or trainee to undertake vocational education and training under the supervision of the employer or trainer. Traineeships and apprenticeships are offered to a mixture of workers including those falling into one of the followers groups i) saucy entrants to the labour market ii) Re-entrants into the labour market iii) Existing workers who are looking to prove their skills with a specific employer.Looking at the above findings, it all comes to one ending, industries are resorting more and more to the traineeship system as it is cheaper and affordable, there are contractual bindings with the trainee and they do not lose a lot in the whole training process. Although the traineeship system appears to be an advantage for the industries, it has however been regarded as a way for companies to score cheap labour without decent consideration of the workers needs. The bonus for the trainees is that they do not get to be counted as unemployed, even though they are funding on near poverty wages (Google Groups Traineeship are a scam).Apprenticeships and traineeships are available in a diverse range of industries and across a vast variety of occupational groups. Traineeships and apprenticeships al so allow for training to be done on a full time or part time basis and can vary in their duration. In addition although most trainees and apprentices are engaged in a single training contract with a specific employer, some may change employer or the vocation they are training in and so may effectively enter into more than one training contract prior to completing an apprenticeship or traineeship (NCVER 2001). Facts about apprenticeships and traineeships apprenticeships and traineeships combine work with structured training * traineeships vary in length from 12 months to three years * apprenticeships can take up to four years to complete but many apprenticeships can now be completed more quickly than the traditional four years * apprenticeships and traineeships can be full-time, part-time, or school-based where some of the training is undertaken while the apprentice or trainee is in high school * animate employees may undertake an apprenticeship or traineeship * apprenticeships an d traineeships require employers to enter into a training contract with the apprentice or trainee * Employers work with a training organization and the apprentice or trainee to draw up the training plan (ApprenticeshipInfo n. d. ). Training can be delivered using one or more of the following options * In an appropriate environment, such as an employers premises. * Using flexible delivery methods, such as video link, teleconference, correspondence, work books, online self-paced learning, or an internet classroom link, where training is delivered by the training organization * In the workplace, where training is delivered by the employer (ApprenticeshipInfo n. d. Where can an apprenticeship or traineeship take you? On completion of an apprenticeship or traineeship you will have learnt new skills and gained experience and arrogance working in a real job. This puts you in a great place to keep working, to go on to advertise study or even start your own business (ApprenticeshipInfo n. d. ). The afore-stated argument, if looked at the current direction at which the world is aimed and the use of technology and how much industries requires specialisation in fields and more critical on theoretical knowledge when planning and achieve, the replacement of the apprenticeship system will not solve the vocational education in Namibia.A trainee graduates with a lower or unrecognized qualification whereas an apprentice graduates and qualifies in his/her field. It would therefore be wise and advisable that the two systems run side by side, where the traineeship prepares trainees for the apprenticeship system. The NYS (national youth service) under the Ministry of Youth runs a traineeship programme, where young men and women from all walks of life undergo a training programme and upon completion they get integrated into apprenticeships. A person who does t he apprenticeship is according to the findings, guaranteed a job unlike the one who goes through the traineedhip. Conclusi on The deliberations in the assignment looked at main topic of the apprenticeship system.The apprenticeship system was an early form of education or transfer of skills from a craftsman to an apprentice or a learner in a number of years, however hence the early apprenticeship system was a one-on-one training, these whole system started to change from a one-on-one transfer of skills to one-on-many form of education and the duration minimised to a more shorter time frame due to industrial revolution and technology. The apprenticeship system has all changed from its original form due to historical events and industrial revolution. In the deliberations, an emphasis was made on the advantages and disadvantages of the apprenticeship system.The other part of the assignment took a focus on the apprenticeship system in Namibia in particular The recruitment of police officers changed from skill training to a 50-50 theory and skills training due to an industrial demand for more educated law enforcement officers. Although Namibia still practices the apprenticeship system, compared to the early apprenticeship system, trainees are not entirely attached to their masters and, they are paid a salary based o the type of work performed. flow apprentices are being trained on job. The point of concern was the question asked, will the replacement of the apprenticeship system with the traineeship system solve the vocational education and training problem in Namibia.For Namibia to remain competitive to other nations the introduction of the trainee system to replace the apprenticeship system will just diminish the set of the vocational training institutions as they will be forced to enrol unconditional trainees upon the completion of the traineeship. A suggestion is then made that the apprenticeship and the traineeship system runs together as there is a thin line of difference between the two systems. References * A. Du Preez (2012). educational Theory and Practice A. Unit 1 1-26 Published by centre of impart and life-long learning, Windhoek, Namibia. * History of apprenticeship (n. d). Retrieved on 14 February 2013 from * http//. Ini. wa. gov/TradesLicensing/Apprenticeship/ approximately/History/default. sp * Advantages and disadvantages of apprenticeship system. (n. d. ) Retrieved on 14 February 2013 from http//www. allaboutcareers. com/careers-advice/apprenticeship/advantages-of-apprenticeship * Traineeship. (n. d. ) Retrieved on 26 February 2013 from http//www. bbc. co. uk/news/education-20961113 * Apprenticeship and traineeship. (n. d. ) Retrieved on 27 February 2013 from http//www. bafensw. edu. au/courses/types/apptrain. htm * Apprenticeship and traineeship. (n. d. ) Retrieved on 27 February 2013 from http//www. apprenticeshipsInfo. gld. gov. au/apprentices/index. html * Apprenticeship (n. d. ) Retrieved on 27 February 2013 from http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Apprenticeship